234 Answered Questions for the topic Cell Biology

07/12/19

How are cell death like apoptosis and entropy related?
In [Perspectives on Statistical Thermodynamics, Yoshitsugu... more
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07/11/19

Can mutation rate be increased for instance by mutagenesis targeting the DNA polymerase?
I am studying a non-cultivable bacterium living in an insect host, and I would like to generate some random mutants of this bacteria while preserving the insect. I am wondering if one way to do so... more
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07/11/19

Does endo- and (or) exocytosis require energy? Do they belong to active / passive transport?
I expect vesicle formation and fusion to require energy input; however, I'm not sure about **_which of endocytosis and exocytosis require energy and how they use the energy input_**.Do they belong... more
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07/10/19

How are lysosome membranes protected from the attack of hydrolases?
Lysosomes are a bit like the *suicidal bags* of cells. They help to clean cells, have an acidic pH and contain a large number of hydrolyzing enzymes. But why don't these hydrolyzing enzymes attack... more
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07/10/19

What is the difference between a protein and a factor?
In terms of nomenclature/semantics, why are some proteins named proteins, and some named factors?I've been revising on eukaryotic DNA, and I've come across some proteins that seem to serve roughly... more
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07/08/19

Are all/most/any membranes comprised of lipids from the smooth ER?
I'm attending an introductory high school course to cell biology. Based on my understanding, lipids – the building blocks of membranes – are formed in the smooth ER. Are all/most/any membranes... more
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Cell Biology Biology Respiration

07/08/19

How is AMP "recharged" to become ATP in a cell?
I understand that after the translation stage of ribosomal protein synthesis, tRNA molecules are floating in the cytoplasm without attached amino acids until they find the correct aminoacyl tRNA... more
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Cell Biology Biology Human Biology

07/07/19

How many human cells are there in our body, on average?
How many human cells are there in our body, on average? Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_microbiome) says 10<sup>13</sup>:> Bacterial cells are much smaller than human... more
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Cell Biology Biology Human Biology

07/07/19

A hypothetical nerve damage question?
If a 100 pound bucket is dropped on someone's hand, what will this do to the nerves, will they get crushed, will they die? And how will this affect that person's ability to feel or move their hand?
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Cell Biology Biology Dna

07/07/19

DNA is charged negative. Where is all the positive charge in my body?
DNA is charged negative because of its phosphate backbone. Since charges need to be balanced (so that there are no charges building up somewhere), what is the positive charge which neutralizes this... more
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Cell Biology Biology Dna

07/06/19

What is the purpose of ethanol in a DNA extraction experiment?
We were doing a lab experiment in biology class in which we extracted DNA from a banana-detergent solution mixture.(The detergent solution was made of 100ml of detergent, 90ml of water, and 5g of... more
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Cell Biology Biology Meiosis

07/05/19

What's the distinction between a tetrad and a synaptonemal complex in meiosis?
What's the distinction between a tetrad and a synaptonemal complex in meiosis? Are they synonyms? I ask because the concepts seem very closely related, but it seems like there may be a subtle... more
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Cell Biology Biology

07/05/19

Cell proliferation limit and senescence of embryonic stem cells and fibroblasts?
I am trying to understand the importance of proliferation limits and cell senescence. In particular, I would like to compare the proliferation limit of Embryonic Stem cells (ES) and fibroblasts... more
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07/04/19

What's inside the perinuclear space?
The cell proper contains the cytoplasm in general and the cytosol in particular when referring to the fluid/gel without notable organelle.Once we move inside the nucleus there is the nucleoplasm... more
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Cell Biology Biology Yeast Cytoskeleton

07/03/19

What are the effect of microtubule or microfilament inhibition on yeast expression profile?
I was wondering whether anyone has looked at what are the expression changes in yeast when the microtubule or the microfilament polymerization is inhibited? Have there been whole-genome studies?
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07/03/19

Why don't cells of aquatic animals burst?
We know that if we keep plant cells in water, they don't burst because of a cell wall. But the cells of aquatic animals lack cell walls but they still survive. Why?
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Cell Biology Biochemistry Literature

07/03/19

Is there a difference in cytoplasmic pH between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
The cytosolic pH in human cells is [around 7.4, but fluctuates as the cell is replicating](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2114443/). Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are vastly different in... more
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Cell Biology Biochemistry

07/02/19

When collecting cell lysates for a Western blot, how do I induce di-sulfide bonds?
I would like to conduct a simple dimerization experiment for some protein I'm collecting from a cultured cells. My thought is, that if I'm running a non-reducing, denaturing PAGE gel, then removing... more
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Cell Biology Biology Cancer Mutations

07/01/19

Are there known downsides to removing UV mutation hotspots to prevent some skin cancers (Genetic sunblock)?
Khavari et al. recently demonstrated that a significant fraction of one of the major forms of skin cancer (cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas) are associated with a mutated KNSTRN gene (a protein... more
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Cell Biology Biology

06/29/19

Lifespan of connective tissue cells?
This post is regarding a follow up on my initial post on "Properties and life cycle of chondrocytes and tenocytes".I am elaborating on my question on the lifespan of tenocytes and chondrocytes.From... more
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06/28/19

why is AUG the initiation codon?
Is there any reason why AUG is the initiation codon ?Why is there a need for an initiation codon ? Can't translation start with different codons?
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06/28/19

Why are centrioles aligned at 90 degree with each other?
The centrioles are aligned at 90 degree with each other. What is the function of this?
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06/28/19

Is there a database of cell images?
We're working on an algorithm for processing images of cells, similar to but much more basic than [Cell Profiler](http://www.cellprofiler.org/), and we are looking for a large database of cell... more
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Cell Biology Biology Cancer Telomere

06/28/19

Regarding cellular self-destruction?
I heard and read telomere 'health' or 'length' ( if that's right ) has alot to do with cell 'health'. If telomere 'abilities' are 'restored' to a 'healthier' status then the cell it is in functions... more
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Cell Biology Biology Human Biology Death

06/27/19

Which are the last cells of the human body to die?
When somebody dies, which are the last surviving cells of his/her body? Those of hair, nails, or some other obscure but resilient cells?Shedding light on why and how they are so vital might boost... more
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