311 Answered Questions for the topic European history

European History Europe Slavery Africa

04/04/19

Was African slave trade ever directed towards Europe? If not, why?

The capture, shipping and sale of African slaves was most famously directed towards the colonies of European empires in the Americas, where they were put to work on plantations and other harsh,... more
European History Europe Slavery Colonization

04/04/19

What was the impetus for some African nations to participate in the slave trade?

I know that some African nations participated in the slave trade by providing captured enemies as slaves to Europeans, but what are some of the reasons they did? Was it simply a new economic... more
European History Germany Europe Middle Ages

04/04/19

Did Charlemagne's Christian conquest of Germany cause the Vikings to hit back at Britain?

A [documentary on The Dark Ages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dark_Ages:_An_Age_of_Light) says that Vikings invaded the British isles after Charlemagne of France conquered some of Germany and... more
European History Europe Crusades

04/04/19

Where did the Crusaders go after 1291?

With most historians saying the Crusades stopped in 1291, and the disappearance of the Crusader States/Outremer, I'm left to wonder: what happened to the Europeans who had built a life there? Did... more
European History Prealgebra Roman Numerals

04/03/19

what does this mean?

what does this mean? "ix iiiiiiiiiii iiii iv"
European History World History

04/03/19

From the start of Hitler's political career, Hitler had definitely planned to exterminate Jews.

Is this statement true or false?
European History Law Europe Children

04/03/19

In medieval Europe, were children born in an annulled marriage automatically illegitimate?

I know that under modern laws (even within the Catholic Church), children born in a marriage that is later annulled are still considered legitimate, because they were born of a putative marriage.... more

04/02/19

Why do Strabo, Pliny and Diodorus cite Pytheas in disbelief?

According to the wikipedia page on [Germanic tribes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_peoples#Classification), (direct quotation) > The first news about the Germanic world are contained in... more
European History Europe 19th Century 20th Century

03/27/19

In what ways did the rise of a true middle class in Europe during the late 19th century become apparent?

The late 19th and early 20th centuries were very transformative for Europe with the rise of a real middle class. Typically before this the middle class was more of a bourgeoisie and not the middle... more
European History Europe Middle Ages

03/27/19

Did any European monarch execute their sister or other direct female relative?

In my search, I found examples of kings/queens having their wives and brothers executed, but I cannot seem to locate any example for sisters, mothers, and fathers.
European History Europe Middle Ages 14th Century

03/27/19

Who was Balavignus?

I was reading up on some history on the Black Death and came across the name "Balavignus". He was a Jewish doctor who urged people to apply hygienic measures, based on some biblical verses in... more
European History Europe Naval Age Of Sail

03/27/19

Why did Europeans (and not people in other regions) dominate oceans?

Having a brief look at civilization history, I find that Europeans have a significant dominance over other regions when it comes to sailing. This becomes more obvious after the 15th century when... more
European History Europe Roman Empire

03/27/19

Who were the Huns and/or Xiongnu?

Who were the Hun people who made several appearances in Eurasian history? Were they Finno-Ugric, Paleo-Siberean, Mongolic or Turkic? Were the Hun who attacked Roman Empire extensions of the... more
European History Military Europe World War One

03/27/19

How did such a relatively minor event as the assassination of an archduke start World War I?

The assassination of the Austrian archduke was, considered in the context of _all Europe's_ near-explosive politics, a relatively minor event. So how did it cause such a major war?
European History Europe Early Medieval

03/27/19

How large could king Arthur's kingdom have realistically been?

I fully understand that most what is written about king Arthur is shrouded in myth, many stories having been written several centuries after his time period. Most material I found focuses on the... more
European History Europe Britain Middle Ages

03/27/19

What is known about the possibility of a "real King Arthur"?

I once saw a documentary that discussed a discovered possible "round table" but wondered how "pie in the sky" this possibility was as well as just how much/how little evidence is there for any... more
European History Europe Middle Ages

03/27/19

Why did the Merovingians and Pippinids adopt Christianity so fervently?

The Western Church was generally in decline from, say, 400 to 700 AD. Yet, Clovis converted, and more to the point, so did many other dukes. In the end, the Pippinids conducted various wars with... more
European History Economy Europe Middle Ages

03/27/19

How would prospective members join a medieval European guild?

On related lines, 1) How would a young person (young man) have selected a master with whom to apprentice? How did the matching up process work? 2) What motivated a master/practitioner to take on... more
European History Military Europe Middle Ages

03/26/19

What did squires do in the middle of a medieval battle?

According to [wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squire#Jobs), a normal squire daily job included: > - Carrying the knight's armour, shield, sword, > - Holding any prisoners the knight... more
European History Europe 18th Century Africa

03/19/19

Why was there no concerted effort to end the Barbary pirate raids until the 1800's?

Barbary pirate raids on the Mediterranean coast led to widespread depopulation of the coasts from Venice to Malaga with the obvious exception of the larger cities. The pirate raids also seem to be... more

03/19/19

Did the Pope's crossbow and archery bans have any effect?

One of the more famous and certainly curious decisions at the [Second Council of the Lateran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Council_of_the_Lateran) in 1139 was a ban on using missile troops... more
European History Science Europe Early Medieval

03/19/19

Did medieval scholars believe the Earth was round?

There seems to be almost a consensus that the medieval belief on flat earth is a myth. [Wikipedia even has a whole article dedicated to this... more

03/19/19

How did the First French Empire and allies differ from the other European monarchies at that time?

During the Napoleonic Wars (especially towards the end), France and most of its allies (e.g. Kingdom of Italy, Duchy of Warsaw, Kingdom of Spain) are absolute monarchies. However, they seemed to... more
European History Europe Middle Ages Nobility

03/19/19

Could a nobleman's land be enclosed within another noble's land?

In medieval (in the broadest sense, I'm not thinking of a specific decade) Europe, lands were split up amongst noblemen, and these noblemen had a hierarchy. Barons are lesser than earls which are... more
European History Europe Cities France

03/19/19

Why aren't there major cities on the Atlantic coast of France?

I see Bordeaux and Nantes, but they are a short ways inland. The U.S. has several like New York, Boston, Miami, Charleston.

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