92 Answered Questions for the topic molecular biology

Molecular Biology Biochemistry Ribosome

03/26/19

Why do 60S & 40S ribosomal subunits make an 80S ribosome (not 100S)?
Why do 60S & 40S subunits make an 80S (not 100S) ribosome and, similarly, 50S & 30S make 70S? 60+40 is not equal to 80, nor is 50+30 equal to 70, so why are the subunits of the 80S and 70S... more
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Molecular Biology Biology Biochemistry Photosynthesis

03/26/19

Photosynthesis: What Powers the Splitting of Water?
The splitting of water is an endergonic (non-spontaneous) reaction, and thus would require energy (chemical work to be done) in order to happen. In Photosystem II, an enzyme catalyzes this... more
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Molecular Biology Microbiology Cell Biology

03/19/19

True or False. A promoter is necessary for RNA polymerase binding, with the codon start and stop sites defining the transcriptional unit.
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Molecular Biology Biology Cell Biology Proteins

03/19/19

What happens to the precursor protein's signal sequence after it is cleaved?
Where does this signal sequence "go" after it has been cleaved by signal peptidase and what is its next function?
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Molecular Biology Pharmacology Mutations

03/19/19

Is there anyone discovered new drugs by actively create mutations in drug-producing organism?
Recently I was reading about drug discovery.As far as I know, there are currently 2 sources of creating new compounds by:- Screening from natural sources.- Synthesizing by add/remove/replace-ing... more
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03/19/19

Why is Capsaicin injection not used instead of nerve surgeries for pain?
High concentration capsaicin kills c & a-delta nerve fibers permanently or at least long term. This has been known for 30 years. But capsaicin is only used in creams and patches, and not for... more
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Molecular Biology Biology Genetics Microbiology

03/18/19

How does Cro protein expressed by lambda phage kill its host?
I read that the DNA segment of lambda phage integrated in host DNA could switch between lysogenic state where cI represses the expression of *Cro* and lytic state where *Cro* expression takes over... more
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Molecular Biology Biochemistry Biophysics

03/18/19

How, on a physical level, does ATP confer energy?
When ATP is used as the energy currency to make, say, reaction X + Y → Z happen, is what happens on a physical level down at the molecular scale that during the reaction---**ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi** ... more
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Molecular Biology Biology Biochemistry Cell Membrane

03/18/19

What is the purpose of the outer mitochondrial membrane?
The purpose of mitochondria is to generate ATP, utilising a chemiosmotic gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Protons are pumped out of the mitochondria into the intermembrane space,... more
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Molecular Biology Biology Human Biology Memory

03/17/19

How and where, in the human brain, are memories stored?
Background: I am a computer programmer who is fascinated by artificial intelligence and artificial neural networks, and I am becoming more curious about how biological neural networks work. Context... more
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Molecular Biology Biology Genetics Human Biology

03/15/19

Knockout and knockdown of gene?
Out of curiosity, I got this question whether knocking out (deletion) of a gene on one side and knocking down (RNAi) of the same gene on the other side will affect the cell in a similar manner or... more
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03/15/19

Enzyme Inhibition in relation to Aspirin?
I see that aspirin (in part) works by inhibiting cycloxygenase isoenzymes and that this inhibiting is irreversible. I've had a few classes mentioning this topic in passing, but never with depth.I... more
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Molecular Biology Biology Genetics Dna

03/14/19

Why is DNA antiparallel? Can it be parallel?
My biology textbook mentions that DNA is antiparallel and it got me wondering... Can DNA be parallel? What would happen if it was parallel? could DNA still replicate right?
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Molecular Biology Genetics

03/14/19

How are the boundaries of a gene determined?
What statistical processes and methods are used by geneticists/molecular biologists to know where one gene starts and one ends?
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03/14/19

Redundancy of the genetic code?
One particular codon codes only for one amino acid, but an amino acid can be coded for by several different codons. Now according to the genetic code, the codon `UUU` codes for the amino acid... more
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Molecular Biology Microbiology Cell Biology

03/14/19

What is an example of a GTP-binding protein?
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Molecular Biology Microbiology Cell Biology

03/14/19

Nucleic acids are polymers composed of nucleotides; RNA is deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA is ribonucleic acid. True or False
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