Inactive Tutor answered • 07/12/19
Answer Choice B is the correct answer because Luthuli uses the collective pronouns “us” and “we” throughout the essay, referring to South Africans, and because he places the weight of change at the individual level, discussing “those of who are in the freedom struggle” and the fact that “the germ of freedom is in every individual.” Meanwhile, Macmillan addresses South African leaders and emphasizes Britain’s own leadership role in the region, while also making the case that “whether we like it or not, this growth of national consciousness is a political fact. And we must all accept it as a fact, and our national policies must take account of it.” These most clearly tell us that Luthuli focuses more at the level of the individual citizen, while Macmillan focuses more at the level of politicians, which most closely matches Answer Choice B which says that the two authors differ in their approach to social change in that “Luthuli implies that the people of South Africa themselves will initiate social change, while Macmillan emphasizes the role played by those in positions of power.” Answer Choice A is incorrect because, while Macmillian does make the case that “significant change is imminent,” Luthuli nowhere suggests that “major social change in South Africa is unlikely to happen soon,” and indeed implies that its a current issue. Answer Choice C is incorrect because only Passage 1 mentions apartheid, because Luthuli, although he does say it is necessary, doesn’t make the specific case that eliminating apartheid is only the first step, and because Macmillan doesn’t discusss apartheid as the ultimate goal. Answer Choice D is incorrect because Luthuli doesn’t make the case that change will occur through collective action, but instead references the individual, and because Macmillan doesn’t advocate for the necessity of change at the individual level, but more directly addresses leaders and politicians.
