Choose the all the types of RNAs and their functions in translation.

Question

A. rRNAs are templates that provide coding information to form proteins

B. rRNAs are ribozymes that catalyze the addition of amino acids

C. mRNAs are adaptor molecules that contain amino acids

D. tRNAs are ribozymes that catalyze the addition of amino acids

E. tRNAs are adaptor molecules that contain amino acids as well as bases that are complementary to an mRNA template

F. mRNAs are templates that provide coding to information to form proteins

Answer 1

The answers are E, F, and B.

mRNA stands for messenger RNA, and it’s a single strand of RNA that is the reverse complement to a gene made of DNA. It basically carries the message from the DNA to the ribosome to be translated into protein.

rRNA stands for ribosomal RNA. It actually makes up like 60% of the mass of the ribosome (only 40% of it is protein; ironic for the protein-making machine). It’s the component that helps match the mRNA and tRNA together, pulls the amino acids off of the tRNA, and generates a string of amino acids (which eventually twist and turn into a protein).

tRNA stands for transfer RNA. It’s like a three leaf clover of RNA with an amino acid on one end, and a mRNA/codon recognition site at the other (the amino acid is on the stem, the codon recognition site is on the middle leaf). These float around in the cytoplasm of the cell until they’re needed for protein creation.