Please help with this ap bio practice FRQ

Question

In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes are found both free in the cytosol and attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

Proteins produced on the attached ribosomes are delivered to the ER, while proteins produced on free ribosomes

are delivered to the cytosol. Briefly explain in one or two sentences the two processes in terms of the following:

• ONE ultimate destination of a protein produced on an attached ribosome, and ONE general function of

the protein (You do not need to identify the specific protein.)

• ONE ultimate destination of a protein produced on a free ribosome, and ONE general function of the

protein (You do not need to identify the specific protein.)

Answer all below

1. destination of protein attached to the ribosome
2. The function of the protein
3. destination of protein produced by the free ribosome.
4. Function of the protein
5. 
   

Answer 1

Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis within a cell. In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes may be found attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum or free-floating in the cytosol. Proteins that are synthesized on ribosomes attached to the rough ER are destined to function at the plasma membrane or they may be destined for secretion from the cell. For example, a digestive enzyme such as salivary amylase would be assembled on an attached ribosome. It would move from the ribosome into the rough ER, then be transported through the endomembrane system of the cell until it gets packaged into a vesicle by the Golgi apparatus. Finally the vesicle would fuse with the plasma membrane and the enzyme would be secreted from the cell by exocytosis into order to function in the break down of starch inside a person's mouth. Proteins that are synthesized on free ribosomes remain within the cytosol to do their jobs. For example, glycolysis, which involves several enzymes for the catabolism of glucose, is a process that occurs within the cytoplasm of a cell. A glycolytic enzyme would be made on a free ribosome and then be released into the cytosol to participate in the glycolytic pathway.