
Gary L. answered 07/15/19
Patient and Experienced Tutor
That depends on what you mean by "categorize". If you mean telling the genre of a book, novel, etc. then you would want to know aspects of different genres or you could even search for references on what genre you're reading.
If you mean taking something you read and breaking it down into the Main Idea, subplot, and supporting evidence, it is a different story (no pun intended).
In that case, you would want to look for what the author mentions frequently or if there is anything that seems to particularly influence the story's progression.
Another approach would be to read something then reread it, keeping in mind what you had already read. I personally used this strategy when taking a course on Shakespeare.