Often, students will have larger habits that get in the way of their educational goals. Here are a few strategies that I've found helpful for any age (they'll just need to be modified to fit the student's age, goals, etc.)
Identifying Goals: The student needs to identify the goal(s) that are really important. Often, students just drift through school without asking what they want. My students identify goals like becoming MVP on their soccer team, starting a business, or getting into their top college choice. Whatever it may be, the goal needs to be clearly set and needs to have a firm place in the student's mind.
Finding the Time: Once the goal is set, students need to know what time they actually have. Students can't spend 24 hours a day on academics, business development, or sports. The student needs a realistic understanding of the time they have and the time that is needlessly wasted. That hour and a half between dinner and practice can be an effective time to work on branding a product or masting subject verb agreement. Students are often surprised to learn that time doesn't just happen; we have to make time for what we want.
Breaking Down Goals: Now that we have our overarching goals and the actual time we made for accomplishing those goals, it's time to ask what prerequired (prereq) goals we need to accomplish in order to reach our overarching goals. An overarching goal would be getting into our top school choice. Some prereq goals would then be maintaining a certain GPA, earning a certain score on the SAT, writing a college admission essay, etc. These prereq goals need to be broken down even further until they become concrete, actionable tasks, which I like to call action goals. For example, eventually, the student might eventually make the following recognition: "For my English tests and essays, I don't know when to use a semicolon." The student can then make an action goal: "Learn how to properly use the semicolon in conventional English." Often, the student won't know what they need to know. Here's where they'll need to make an discovery action goal. For example: "Ask my teacher what I'll need to know for my final" or "Talk to a S&C coach about what I need to move to the next level."
Making Time for Action Goals: Now comes the part of the process where students figure out where they can fit their action goals into their time blocks. Smaller chunks of time can be assigned to shallow work (like revieing AP history flashcards or replying to important emails) and larger portions of time can be spent on deeper work (like planning a business proposal, mastering how to use semicolons correctly, or working on a college admissions essay). This is where the the rubber meets the road for studying: the student will need to realistically estimate what time they'll need for their specific action goals.
Regularly Reevaluating: If the student's strategies aren't working, they may need to be more realistic about their time. They might not have accounted for the time needed to drive to practice, or how long it would take to learn how to use the semicolon. In the end, the student will need to learn flexibility in planning and how to roll with the punches.
Implementing these strategies has been a cornerstone for my students as we work towards their goals. I hope they find a wider audience here and prove useful to others!