
Christopher W. answered 01/07/21
Author and Practitioner of Language Arts
What is a noun, adverb, and adjective?
Put succinctly, they are a few examples of the various parts of speech.
Nouns & Verbs
A verb is any word used to express an action, occurrence, or state of being. It indicates what the subject (noun) is doing, being, or experiencing.
A noun is any person, place, thing, or idea (abstracts). There are different kinds of classifications of nouns but ultimately they refer to one of those four.
Abstract nouns would be something like an emotion or concept like love, courage, jealousy, etc. Things that can't be described by the 5 main senses (touch, taste, smell, sight, sound).
Common nouns are what you would expect. They are never capitalized unless they begin a sentence. These kinds of nouns tend to be the kind that classifies the objects discussed within them. These are the places, people, and things without a specific (proper) name; e.g., park, bus, pencil, girl, boy, city, stars, burgers, etc.
Proper Nouns are always capitalized no matter their placement in a sentence. These refer to particular names of people, places, or things. Some examples of proper nouns: (a person's name) Alice and Bob, (name of a thing) Samsung Galaxy Note 8, (name of a place) both Central Park and the place it resides in Manhattan are both proper nouns and should both be capitalized.
Nouns are always used in the subject part of a sentence. Predicates describes what the subject is, does, or experiences. A noun in the predicate would be considered a predicate noun that better describes a subject. E.g., Burglin Park is a dog park. Dog park here would describe what kind of park Burglin Park is.
Modifiers and Descriptors
Adverbs and adjectives are similar to each other in their ability to modify various aspects of a sentence.
Adjectives modify the nouns with descriptors. They help identify and describe the nouns within a sentence.
A car. A blue car. A fast car. A slow car.
Or quantifies it in some way:
Seven cars drove by. Many cars were on the road.
Adjectives almost always appear before the nouns they describe unless it is being used in the predicate. In which it would be known as a predicative adjective.
The car is blue. The predicate in this case is used to describe the noun. This is usually the case with sensory language. Such as to be, is, felt, looks like, etc.
Adverbs usually end with -ly and they modify other adverbs, adjectives, and of course verbs.They are often born from their adjective cousins by adding suffixes but can be differentiated because they do not modify a noun directly. If it seems like it does, the usage of the word is most likely to be adjective in nature.
"Adverbs add something to a verb," is an easy way of remembering.
The boy ran. How did he run? He ran sluggishly (adverb). He sluggishly ran (adverb). The sluggish boy ran (adjective).
Because they usually modify an action (verb) they usually appear in the predicate in syntactical proximity to the word they are modifying.