The question is a little confusing because it's not as if any of these people were pro-segregation. However, in notable contrast to other Black social justice advocates at the time, W.E.B. Dubois was strongly against any form of compromise regarding segregation. He held the most modern positions of the four men mentioned (including being the running mate of the first woman to run for president, Victoria Woodhull), advocating for complete social, legal, and financial equality for Black Americans. Others, famously Booker. T. Washington, advocated for compromise, separate social spheres for Black and white Americans, and advancing Black people through financial power gained through trade school and education. Dubois believed in those things too, but he stressed that the problems Black Americans faced at the time were not the sole result of poor education or low financial standing, but of the racism enshrined in the laws and in the government of the United States.
Frederick Douglass was certainly against segregation but he is not known as a Progressive Era leader, his time period was more of the Civil War and the Reconstruction Era. Marcus Garvey was Black nationalist and a separatist.
