2,220 Answered Questions for the topic organic chemistry

06/26/19

Why do SN2 reactions of alkyl halides proceed differently with KCN and AgCN?
Alkyl halides react with $\\ce{KCN}$ to form alkyl cyanides as the main product, whereas the use of $\\ce{AgCN}$ leads to isocyanides as the chief product. Why does this happen?
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06/26/19

Is the ammonium substituent (-NH3+) really meta-directing in electrophilic substitution?
If we make a resonance structure for the anilinium ion, with positive charge at either the *ortho* or the *para* position, we get a pentavalent nitrogen, which is not possible. So, how is the... more
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Organic Chemistry Stability Carbocation

06/25/19

What is the reason for the exceptional stability of the cyclopropylmethyl carbocation?
Can someone explain this to me by drawing resonance structures for the cyclopropylmethyl carbocation please? Also one more question, is the tricyclopropylmethyl carbocation more stable than... more
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Organic Chemistry Stereoelectronics

06/24/19

How are SN2 transition states stabilised by adjacent double bonds and carbonyl groups?
It is my understanding that transition states in an S<sub>N</sub>2 reaction have some filled and some empty orbital character, as we have the backside of the **C-X σ*** beginning to... more
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Organic Chemistry Acid Base Drugs

06/24/19

Difference between Sildenafil and Sildenafil citrate?
The data I found seems to show no difference between Sildenafil and Sildenafil citrate. But if they are the same things, why Pfizer use Sildenafil citrate instead of Sildenafil as their product... more
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06/24/19

Why do Magnesium and Lithium form *covalent* organometallic compounds?
Lithium and magnesium are Group 1 and Group 2 elements respectively. Elements of these groups are highly ionic, and I've never heard of them forming significantly covalent _inorganic_... more
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Organic Chemistry Stability

06/24/19

What makes an epoxide stable?
Overall ring strain seems to be a big issue when it comes to organic chemistry. That is why cyclopentane may be in an "envelope form" or why cyclobutane may be in a kinked, kite form. Both of these... more
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06/24/19

Why are fluorides more reactive in nucleophilic aromatic substitutions than bromides?
In nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions, why do fluorides react faster than bromides? Ordinarily bromide is a better leaving group than fluoride, e.g. in $\\mathrm{S_N2}$ reactions, so why... more
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Organic Chemistry Synthesis

06/24/19

Clemmensen reduction vs. Wolff-Kishner reduction?
In which cases is the Clemmensen reduction is preferred over the Wolff-Kishner reduction? One thing is that the Clemmensen reduction is done under acidic conditions whereas the Wolff-Kishner... more
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Organic Chemistry

06/24/19

Why does a hydride like NaH act as a base, but a hydride like NaBH4 act as a nucleophile?
A TA talked about this today in the context of ketones. If you stick an acetone and $\\ce{NaBH4}$ together in a protic solvent, you get 2-propanol. If you stick acetone and $\\ce{NaH}$ together,... more
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Organic Chemistry Isomers Stereochemistry Chirality

06/24/19

If a chiral molecule reacts with an achiral molecule will the product be chiral or achiral?
My book says that a pair of enantiomers will react the same way with an achiral substance. How is this possible? Does this imply that the product is achiral, even though the enantiomers are... more
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Organic Chemistry Redox

06/24/19

Difference in the functioning of alkaline and acidified KMnO4?
What is the difference in the functioning of alkaline and acidified $\\ce{KMnO4}$ as a reagent in organic chemistry? E.g., in the oxidation of a primary alcohol to carboxylic acid, we use... more
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Organic Chemistry Stability Carbocation

06/24/19

Is the t-butyl carbocation more stable than the benzyl carbocation?
Various authors have different views regarding stability order of the benzyl and *t*-butyl carbocations. $$\\ce{PhCH2+ ; (CH3)3C+}$$ In my opinion, resonance effect dominates, so the benzylic... more
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Organic Chemistry Biology Chemistry Biochemistry

06/13/19

What does the term "ketogenic" mean in biochemistry?
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Organic Chemistry

06/12/19

If the atom is assumed to be sphere what is the volume in cm^3 of a single Au atom? Epress your answer using three sig figs
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Organic Chemistry

06/12/19

If the atom is assumed to be a sphere what is the volume in cm^3 of a single Au atom. Express answer using three significant figures

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Organic Chemistry

06/07/19

Organic Chemistry - Polymerisation
In the addition reaction of the polymer, Polystyrene, what is the initiation, propagation and termination stage?
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Organic Chemistry Science Chemistry

06/03/19

How many grams formed in following chemical reaction?
According to the following reaction, how many grams of barium chloride will be formed upon the complete reaction of 22.5 grams of barium hydroxide with excess hydrochloric acid?
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Organic Chemistry Chemistry

05/22/19

If 15 tablespoons of NaCl are added to 16 cups of water, what is the sodium molarity of the solution?
It has long been mentioned that adding a peeled potato chunk to a soup and then removing it, is a good way to remove excess salt. In addition, assume that 1.0 tablespoon equals 3.0 teaspoons; and... more
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Organic Chemistry Chemistry

05/21/19

If 185mg of propanethial-s-oxide is produced, how many moles were reacted?

Cutting into an onion releases two chemicals that when combined produce a gas, propanethial-s-oxide gas. This gas causes the “tears” experienced when cutting onions.A(aq) + B(aq) -->... more
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Organic Chemistry Science Biology Chemistry

05/17/19

Draw a small section of a typical lipid bilayer
1.     Draw a small section of a typical biological lipid bilayer. Include at least one of each membrane lipid (i.e., glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, and sterol). (40 pts.)a.     Within your... more
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Organic Chemistry

05/16/19

Doubt regarding organic chemistry nomenclature.
Can you please tell the structures of the following compounds:1) 2,6dimethyl, 3ethyl 5(1-methylethyl) octane2) 4,5 dimethyl,4 -ethyl decane
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Organic Chemistry Science Chemistry Biochemistry

05/13/19

Ocean Acidification
How does concentration, atmosphere and ocean temperature, and mixing affect solubility?Also, what are the affects if it goes reverse?Here is my reaction:CO2+H2O ↔H2CO3↔H↔HCO31-↔2H↔CO3
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Organic Chemistry Chemistry Biochemistry Feelings

05/11/19

What makes us hungry?
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Organic Chemistry Chemistry

05/10/19

What type of reaction would this be?

Pentan-1-ol reacts + propanoic acid → pentyl propanoate
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