Photoshop for image editing,
Illustrator for vector graphics,
and InDesign for layout and publication design.
Beyond software, the most valuable skills are typography, composition, color theory, visual hierarchy, and clear communication. Employers can teach software workflows, but strong design thinking is what separates a designer from someone who simply knows how to use the tools. As the industry evolves, additional skills such as Figma, motion graphics, web design, and AI-assisted workflows can help expand career opportunities.