What is the correct way of saying this in present tense?

Question

"I finish my analysis, and i determine the cause of x."

"I have just finished my analysis, and i have determined the cause of x."

Answer 1

Technically, they are both present tense. The first is simple present and the second is present perfect.

In this case, I believe you want to talk about a single event that has just happened. This is when you use present perfect, so your second example is correct.

If, however, you wanted to talk about a habitual and ongoing event, that is when you would use simple present. However, you would need to qualify it for context. So, your first example does not make sense on its own, but if you add “Every time I have a math test…” then you end up with:

“Every time I have a math test, I finish my analysis, and I determine the cause of x.”

Now it makes sense, and is a good example of simple present tense used to describe a habit.

So you see, both are examples of present tense, but one is simple present and the other is present perfect, and they are used in different situations.

Answer 2

"finish" while present tense connotes a past event, or an ongoing nearly finished event about to be finished

"begin" while present tense connotes, refers to a future event to be finished at some future time

begin, began, begun

beginning (a Biblical word from Genesis)

finished, finished, ...

finishing (another Biblical word from the crucifixion)

ignore the religious references if unwanted, but they illustrate the time dimension

"I have just finished" and "I have determined" have far more clarity about when it happened, while "finish" & "determine" are stilted, unnatural, a strange way to talk or write, and ambiguous. Latter grates the ears, like fingernails on a chalk board.

the point of writing is ABC's, Accuracy, Brevity, Clarity, 2nd phrasing beats 1st in A and C, 1st does beat 2nd in B, but at huge cost of communication. Not to downgrade the value of brevity. "Danger invites rescue" is the classic model legal sentence, admired for the ages in legal writing, for its Brevity. Say in least words possible, but not at the expense of Accuracy or Clarity. At least not too much expense.

just some extra points, otherwise, go with the other tutor's posts