
Barry F. answered 08/23/20
Former RN, Exploring (Remotely)
I'll get you started, and I think you'll pick it up. Direct speech is merely the author or speaker quoting a person. Think of yourself as the cameraman and everyone is hearing the character's words live. For example:
He said ,"I am unwell."
" I am happy ," she said.
Indirect speech, you're more like the newspaper reporter. You are reporting what someone has said in the past, or will say in the future. You have to relay the characters words to your audience and tell the same story without a quote. For example:
He said that he was unwell.
She said that she was happy.
Because you are reporting a past or future statement, it cannot be in the present tense. But don't get hung up on the tense. You can change out the future tense if it makes sense in the context. For example:
He will say that he is unwell.
She said that she will be happy
To review: direct to indirect speech is merely going from a active, "live" quotation of a speaker, to a report of what someone has said or will say.