Ciprian B. answered 04/02/20
PhD student with experience in both ancient literature and philosophy
Hi Khyli,
The first answer is: concurrent powers are those that the federal and state governments share (i.e. collect taxes); delegated powers are those that are given to the federal government through the Constitution at the exclusion of the state governments (i.e. coining money); reserved powers are those that are not delegated by the Constitution to the federal government, but that the state governments retain.
The second answer is the 8th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. It states that "Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted."
I hope this helps,
Ciprian