Amy S. answered • 07/23/19
MS in Molecular Genetics with 10 years of Teaching Experience
The structure of DNA is double helical in nature. The nucleosides are in the middle and are composed of adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine. The nucleotide portion is composed of the nucleoside with the sugar/phosphate group attached along the backbone of the DNA. DNA is then transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus of the cell. The mRNA then undergoes post-transcriptional modification where a 5' cap and a poly' A tail are attached and the introns are removed. The mature message leaves the nucleus where it is then translated into protein in the cytoplasm via the ribosome. Proteins are then folded into their primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures to perform the functions they need to within the cell.
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