How can dissolved materials be moved from the outside to the inside of a cell when the inside concentration of the material is higher than the outside concentration?

Question

a. Molecules can be moved into a cell against their concentration gradient if that transport is coupled with osmotic transport of water into the cell.

b. Substances can be moved against a concentration gradient by pumps that do work using the energy provided by ATP hydrolysis.

c. Some channels are capable of moving molecules against their concentration gradients via passive transport.

d. A molecule can be transported into a cell, against its concentration gradient, as long as it is transported along its electrochemical gradient.

e. b and d

Answer 1

b. Substances can be moved against a concentration gradient by pumps that do work using the energy provided by ATP hydrolysis.

d. A molecule can be transported into a cell, against its concentration gradient, as long as it is transported along its electrochemical gradient.

b. represents what is called primary active transport

d. represents what is called secondary active transport (co-transport).