What is specific heat and what are some examples of it

Question

As you study more science you will discover that water has many unique properties. One of those os the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of water as compared to most other substances is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance 1 degree celcius

Answer 1

You have pretty much defined specific heat in the lat sentence you wrote. It is the amount of heat needed to raise a unit mass (1 gram) of a substance by 1 degree C. The value for water is about 4.184 Joules/gm/degree or 1 calorie/gm/degree. Some other examples would be alcohol (ethyl) 2.4 J/g/deg and aluminum 0.9 J/g/deg.