Stan F.

04/01/19

Homeowners who live near bodies of water in the state of New Hampshire are asked to check all home cleaning products to make sure they do not contain phosphates. Why was this regulation put in place?

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03/27/19

In mitochondria, what is the mechanism by which electrons are transferred between different cytochromes?

And how is the energy gained from the lowering of the "energy level" of the electron used to generate the chemiosmotic gradient?

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Biology Botany

03/27/19

What evidence is there to support the hypothesis that chloroplasts and mitochondria were primitive prokaryotes that developed a relationship of mutualism with primitive anaerobic eukaryotic cells?

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Biology Botany

03/27/19

Are there chloroplasts in cyanobacteria?

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Biochemistry Human Biology Cellular Respiration

03/26/19

Where does the 'C' in exhaled CO₂ mostly come from?

When a human being exhales CO₂, what is, by the numbers, the main source of carbon atoms exiting the body in this way? I mean what class of cells, or which tissues are the biggest on a pie chart of... more

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Biology Botany

03/20/19

Is antheridium a structure in which sperm are produced

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Biology Chemistry

03/19/19

Give an account of dark reaction of photosynthesis.

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Biology Physiology Microbiology

03/19/19

Why is contractile vacuole absent in parasitic protozoans but present in free living protozoans?

I know that contractile vacuole helps in osmoregulation of protozoans and some nitrogenous wastes are also excreted through it. Since contractile vacuole plays an important role in protozoans, why... more

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Biology Physiology Microbiology

03/19/19

Why is contractile vacuole absent in parasitic protozoans but present in free living protozoans?

I know that contractile vacuole helps in osmoregulation of protozoans and some nitrogenous wastes are also excreted through it. Since contractile vacuole plays an important role in protozoans, why... more

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Biology Botany

03/19/19

Which byproducts of the photochemical stage are essential for the chemical stage of photosynthesis?

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Biology Biochemistry Microbiology

03/18/19

How do single-celled predators chase other cells?

From my understanding, single celled organisms have been seen avoiding, and chasing, potential food or other organisms.How do they accomplish this? They do not have eyes or ears or a nervous... more

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Biology

03/18/19

What are the characteristics of prokaryotic cells?

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Biology Biochemistry Cell Membrane

03/18/19

What is the purpose of the outer mitochondrial membrane?

The purpose of mitochondria is to generate ATP, utilising a chemiosmotic gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Protons are pumped out of the mitochondria into the intermembrane space,... more

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Botany Cell Biology Chloroplasts

03/18/19

Do all cells of a plant contain chloroplasts?

If the answer is no, then how do plant cells tell whether they need to keep chloroplasts or not? What kind of signals are used, and how are chloroplasts eliminated?

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Biology

03/16/19

What are transgenic bacteria? Give one example.

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Biology Biochemistry Physiology

03/15/19

What is the mechanism behind "acquired" alcohol tolerance?

I can understand natural variation in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in a population leading to variation in rate of inebriation (after controlling for other variables -- e.g., mass, food consumption,... more

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Biology Botany Ecology

03/13/19

Both gymnosperms and angiosperms bear seeds, then why are they classified separately?

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Science Biology

03/08/19

Do all producers belong to the plant kingdom.

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Science Biology Microbiology

03/01/19

Is this an example of osmosis?

In the image, the dashed line represents a membrane separating two solutions that is selectively permeable to solutes. The solution on the left is Solution A (50 mg/mL). The solution on the right... more

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Biology

02/27/19