
Eric J. answered 03/12/22
Yale School of Medicine, Immunology Research Fellow
Oxidation of glucose takes place inside of cells.
Expanding on this, the breakdown of glucose is the breaking of bonds in the glucose molecule. This results in an overall loss of electrons (oxidation is loss, from the mnemonic OIL-RIG). Since glucose is losing electrons through bond breaking, it is being oxidized.
This oxidation of glucose MUST happen within cells, as this process requires enzymes that live inside the cell. Glucose oxidation can be done in glycolysis or the citric acid cycle, which take place inside the cytoplasm and the mitochondrial matrix, respectively.