
Marisa F. answered 01/04/21
Award-winning College Professor
When butchered Homo erectus bones were discovered in a cave context with lots of other butchered animal bones at the Zhoukoudian site in China, researchers first assumed that H. erectus individuals were living in the cave and that the bones were remains of their meals. The inclusion of H. erectus bones with other animal bones was interepretted as evidence that H. erectus was cannibalizing their own species. But years later when additional analyses were performed on the bone assemblage from the site, researchers had better technology and more data available to them and they noted that the butchered bones of both animals & H. erectus displayed only teeth marks from a large carnivore and not teeth or tool marks from the H. erectus hominin which put the cannibalism interpretation in doubt. Turns out that H. erectus was not living in the cave, but a giant species of hyena was and the bones in the cave were the remains of its meals. H. erectus was on the menu for these hyenas. So H. erectus was not cannibalizing their own species.