I need help answering questions about Newton’s laws

Question

1) under what conditions will a smaller vehicle have a greater momentum than a larger vehicle?

2) which requires more force to overcome static or sliding friction.

3)what are the variables in measuring the period(time to complete one cycle) of a pendulum.

4) why would a sky diver fall into a spread eagle position before opening parachute?

I need answers ASAP trying to finish assignment and currently not at school due to corona and can’t contact teacher.

Answer 1

Hi there! Let's see what we can do :)

1) A smaller vehicle will have a greater momentum than a larger vehicle if the acceleration of the smaller vehicle is large. For example:

Let vehicle 1 be 1000 kg and be moving at 25 m/s

Let vehicle 2 be 200 kg (let's call it a Prius!) and be moving at 100 m/s

Then, momentum of vehicle 1 = mass*velocity = 1000 kg * 25 m/s = 25,000 kg m/s

the momentum of vehicle 2 = mass*velocity = 100 kg * 300 m/s = 30,000 kg m/s

2) Static friction requires more force to overcome because the coefficient of static friction is always greater than or equal to the coefficient of kinetic friction.

3) The period of a pendulum is equal to 2*pi*sqrt(L/g), where pi = 3.14, L = length of the string on the pendulum and g = gravity = 10 m/s^2. Importantly, the period and frequency of a pendulum do not depend on the mass of the pendulum.

4) A sky diver increases the surface area of the body by going into a spread eagle. This will increase the force of air resistance, which will slow the down the sky diver.

Hope this helps!