How do chemists calculate the existence of billions of organisms?

Question

So the packaging of Bio-Cultures Complex says that it contains a minimum of a billion viable organisms per capsule. How has such an estimate been drawn? Have they counted a smaller amount and then multiplied it?

Answer 1

You are correct. They have quality procedures that employees follow when making the cultures. These procedures have been validated to ensure the minimum amount of organisms in each culture. To verify that each culture does contain the correct amount their quality control team takes a sample, determine how many organisms are in that sample, and multiplies by the total amount.