So, Norma, let's say I buy a t-shirt for $5 plus 8% tax. Normally, I would multiply 5(.08) = .4 and add 40 cents to the $5 for a total cost of $5.40.
Another way to look at it, though, is that if we add 8% to the price, we now have 108% of the price. $5(1.08) = $5.40.
If we apply that to continual appreciation or depreciation, every year, the NEW amount gets multiplied by the full percent.
Let's look at your problem. We have currently something worth $10,000 that appreciates every year.
$10,000(1.08) = $10,800 will be the value next year. $10,800(1.08) = $11,664, etc.
So, two years from now, it will be worth $10,000(1.08)(1.08), or $10,000(1.08)2. After t years, it will be worth $10,000(1.08)t.
Plug in 10 for t in your calculator for that answer.
It will double in value when $20,000, = $10,000(1.08)t.
1.08t = 2
log(1.08t) = log(2)
tlog(1.08) = log(2)
t = log(2)/log(1.08)
Plug it in your calculator for an answer.
Replace $20,000 with $40,000 for d.