The process for finding the probability of a normally distributed variable is to find the area under the standard normal curve based on the z variable. You text has a table that gives the area to the right or left of a given z value. For an area with left-hand limit z1 and right hand limit z2 Pr(z1 < z < z2) = Area(from z1 to z2) = Table(z2 - z1) if the table gives areas to the left of z.
Evaluating the z limits involves plugging into the formula for z = (x-μ)/σ where μ is the mean,σ is the standard deviation, and x is the variable that you are concerned with.
z1 = (31-43)/12 = -1 and z2 = (58-43)/12 = 1.25
This explains the 2nd statement. The third statement is not true. It should be p(1.25) - p(-1)
table values for z = 1.25 : .8944 to left z = -1: .1587 to left
and that is why the final answer is .8944 - .1857
z tables vary: If you get a table that gives you area to the right... 1- area = area to the left
Some tables give the area from the middle to the + z value... here add .5 to the area to get area to the left.
Please consider a tutor.