Describe possible alteration of starling forces with examples and consequences, please

Answer 1

Yes hi!! the starling forces focus on the relationship between oncotic and hydrostatic pressures in the body. There are capillary pressures and interstitial pressures. The hydrostatic pressures "force" fluid, etc OUT of the named space, and oncotic pressures bring fluid IN. These are opposing forces to help maintain homeostasis in the body.

One example that can cause these pressures to become off is Pneumonia. When the lungs are infected, the balance of the pressures can be off, leading to a pleural effusion in the lung cavity.

COVID Pneumonia is another example.

The scarring and decrease in the expandability of the lungs, leads to more internal pressure within the cavity. The increase in pressure imposes strain on the internal vascular system, leading to pulmonary hypertension, RV dilation/dysfunction, and third spacing.

The pressure is to great to maintain, which leads to a tremendous amount of force in the vascular system as a whole. The vascular system needs to release the pressure built up, leading to interstitial retention of fluid.