is simpler words how is atp used in active transport specifically in sodium potassium pump? and what is the goal of sodium potassium pump aside from maintaining the resting potential of membrane?

Question

would mean a lot. thanks

Answer 1

The sodium potassium pump works by pumping 3 intracellular sodium ions out of the cell and taking 2 potassium ions into the cell. This happens in a few steps.

1. 3 intracellular sodium ions bind to the intracellular portion of the pump because the pump has a stronger affinity for the sodium ions at this point
2. Then ATP is hydrolyzed and the pump is phosphorylated. When this occurs, a conformational change is induced, opening up the extracellular part of the pump. In addition, sodium has a much weaker affinity to the phosphorylated version of the pump so it exits the pump to the extracellular space.
3. Potassium on the other hand, has a much stronger affinity to the phosphorylated version of the pump and therefore 2 extracellular potassium ions bind to the pump.
4. When this occurs, it causes the pump to be dephosphorylated, thereby opening up the channel again to the intracellular space. In addition, potassium loses its affinity for the pump in the dephosphorylated state so it enters the intracellular space, and the intracellular sodium has a strong affinity so it will now bind and the process continues.

In addition to being important for resting membrane potential, the sodium-potassium pump plays important roles in your kidneys, by helping them maintain the proper sodium and potassium concentrations. In addition, it also contributes to maintaining proper blood pressure and a steady heartbeat.