Tom K. answered 05/29/21
Knowledgeable and Friendly Math and Statistics Tutor
assuming no continuity correction (R applies this by default), the answer is 13.944
The estimated value Eij for each cell is row total * column total / grand total.
For example, the first row total is 82 (46 + 21 + 15), the first column total is 108, and the grand total is 256
Then E11 = 82 * 108/256 =
Let's label the actual values Aij
A11 = 46
Then, to get the Chi squared statistic, we calculate ∑i,j (Aij - Eij)^2 / Eij
For example, our first value is (46 - 34.59375)^2 / 34.59375