Edward C. answered 11/20/19
Caltech Grad for math tutoring: Algebra through Calculus
To solve the first one, divide both sides by 2 and then find where sin(θ) = -(√3)/2 on the unit circle.
The others can all be solved as quadratic equations by making an appropriate substitution such as u = cos(t).
You may find the trig identity tan2(t) = sec2(t) - 1 helpful.