Let's use the variable, x, to represent the unknown number. Also, recall that the the word,"product", indicates multiplication.
The words, "the product of a number and 4 " can be represented by: 4x
Then "plus 2" can be represented by : + 2
Lastly, "is 14" can be represented by : = 14
Combining these expressions gives us the following equation: 4x + 2 = 12
You can solve this equation using inverse operations:
4x + 2 = 12
4x + 2 - 2 = 14 - 2
4x = 12
4x/4 = 12/4
x = 3