Robert N. answered 05/18/19
Univ. of Fl. Math Grad to Help you Succeed in Calculus
Empirical means based on experiment or observation, rather than on theory . The empirical probability here is what you would estimate the probability to be if you had no leads based on biological theory . Thus in this case to estimate the probability you should look at the monk's data and for each color take the ratio (# of plants with flowers of that color / total # of plants).
Robert N.
As a side note, statistical theory dictates that as the number of plants in such an experiment gets larger, the empirical probability obtained from the experiment will get closer and closer to the actual probability (which tends to coincide with a theoretical probability, as long as we have not overlooked any major factors).05/18/19