Describe a noun using "pronoun + verb" OR "-ing verb" after the noun?

Question

So I was trying to google this, but I have no idea how to describe my question. I tried a few different keywords and still couldn't find the answer. Basically, I am wondering if there is any difference between this one: > I love studying mathematics, the subject **that combines** abstract theory with real world applications. And this one > I love studying mathematics, the subject **combining** abstract theory with real world applications. This might not be the best example but is the one that I can come up with right now. Are they grammatically correct? and is there any difference between them? Thanks a lot.

Answer 1

Hello Arturo,

in such cases I would prefer to use the determiner + simple present verb form, although the present continous verb form is also acceptable. You could say "I study cardiology, a field specializing in treating diseases and disorders of the heart." or "I study cardiology, a field which specializes in treating diseases and disorders of the heart." Both of these forms are completely correct, though I personally prefer the latter form although I like to use different forms in a long paper because it is tiring for the reader to read the same syntax again and again. Essentially, this is a matter of style and it is up to you to decide which form sounds better. I hope you found this helpful; if you would like more help in the future, feel free to contact me.

-Andrew