Jonaseth, let's look at something. Let's say I purchase an item for $5 that has an 8% sales tax. I can multilpy 5(.08) = .40 and add the .40 to 5 to get my total price of $5.40. My equation is $5 + $5(.08)
Now, I'll show you the first group. You are adding to the $25 80% of that $25, so we can do the same thing.
$25 + $25(.80) = $25 + $20 = $45
Now, the question is asking you to write one equation. If we let w = the wholesale price and r = the retail price, then r = w + .80w.
It will work for all the groups because you are adding 80% to each wholesale price.
Hope this helps!