the formula for solving this question is: C1V1 + C2V2 = C3V3
the 45% solution will be used to dilute the 60% solution to produce the 48% solution.
To make the calculations easier to read, we will change the % figures to decimals. So, 45% = 0.45, 48%= 0.48, and 60% = 0.60
Let x = the amount of 60% solution. Then the amount of 45% solution will be 40L - x
our equation will be 0.60x + 0.45(40L - x) = 0.48(40L)
expanding, 0.60x + 18L -0.45x = 19.2L
combining, 0.15x = 19.2L - 18L, which yields 0.15x = 1.2L
solving, x = 8L
So, 8L of 60% + 32L of 45% = 40L of 48%
Proof: 8L x 0.6 = 4.8L of pure acid; 32L x 0.45 = 14.4L of pure acid; 40L x 0.48 = 19.2L of pure acid; 4.8L + 14.4L = 19.2L
