f(x) is a simple polynomial, so its domain is all reals.
g(x) has two problems. It is a quotient, so ÷0 is a hitch, leading to x!=0, and it has a radical, so x≥0. Combine them to get that x>0.
f(x)-g(x) does not make sense if x≤0.
The subtraction is just what it says on the tin. 4x²-3x+5-18/(√x)
As for evaluating at x=8, just plug it in. 4(9)²-3(9)+5-18/√(9) -> 4*81 - 3*9 + 5 - 18/3 -> 324-27+5-6 -> 296 ■