Is this word a verb or an adjective ?

Question

He expanded Saudi Arabia to include all of the Hejaz.

Is expanded here an adjective or a verb ?

Answer 1

The word "expanded" is a verb because it shows the action that "he" is doing in the sentence. Also, in this case, the verb "expand" + "ed" is in past tense, meaning it has already happened.

All sentences have at least one subject and one predicate (a verb + the rest of the sentence or clause) and often, although not always, this predicate can be found directly after the subject.

He // expanded Saudi Arabia to include all of the Hejaz.

I'm not sure if you meant to ask if this verb is the predicate in the sentence? So, I'll answer that, too. Yes, it is. Sometimes, infinitives like "to include" confuse us when trying to name the parts of speech and their functions. It is important to remember that the subject ("He") is doing the action...and therefore the simple predicate is "expanded" in this case, not the infinitive.

I hope this helps!