First pick one of those two numbers to be the one you describe the other by.
Let's call them "one" and "the other"
The other = X
One is X-5 ( s0 this is smaller)
6(x-5) + 4x = 30
Now solve that 6x-30 + 4x = 30
add 30 to each side 6x + 4x = 60
simplify 10x = 60
so x = 6
The other = x so it is 6
and the one = 6-5 = 1
Now let's show that this is right
1 is 5 less than 6
6times the smaller and 4 times the larger = 30
6* 1 = 6 and 4 * 6 =24 and if you add together you do get 30