Hello Nate,
Climbs count as POSITIVE while drops count as NEGATIVE. Therefore:
- "A commercial jet liner hits an air pocket and drops 250 feet" means -250
- "After climbing 127 feet" means +127
- "it drops another 142feet" means -142
Putting all that together to find the overall vertical change = -250 + 127 - 142 = -265 feet
Cheers.