In relation to oxygen supply, describe how complex quaternary protein structure, allosteric regulators and cooperative binding

Question

A constant and adequate supply of oxygen to respiring tissues is critical in maintaining homeostasis. In relation to oxygen supply, describe how complex quaternary protein structure, allosteric regulators and cooperative binding contribute to the efficient delivery and storage of oxygen in the body. What affect does exercise have on the oxygen binding capacity of these proteins?

Answer 1

The complex molecule in this question is haemoglobin. It is a quaternary protein made from 4 smaller proteins interacting to hold onto oxygen tightly or loosely, depending on its conformation.

With exercise, there is an increased generation of carbon dioxide so the confirmation of haemoglobin changes to reflect this. The dissociation curve shifts to the right and oxygen is released more easily improving aerobic metabolism.

I.E the binding capacity is reduced.