i want answer of these questions

Question

A 35yr old patient came to you with fractured mandible. After surgery there was loss of sensations in lower lip. What do you think which nerve is pierce during surgery? Explain the nerve supply of face?

A 30years old male named arslan went to the Murree with his friends to enjoy the holidays. He and His friends planned to do hiking. The track of the mountain was so slippery. so Arslan slipped and fell from a 15meter height. He got unconscious. He was brought to the hospital. After assessment, his GCS was 6. His breathing was irregular. so he was shifted on ventilator.

According to above case scenario what would be the proper diagnoses? which level of vertebras are fractured due to which his breathing is disturbed, which nerve will involve in the breathing?

patient came to you with the history of dizziness, vertigo and diplopia. He explained that he feels numbness in both hands. When you examined his ranges. You diagnosed that vertigo and dizziness increased in neck extension. Diagnose the problem. Explain the cause of it?

Answer 1

The first question relates to the functions of the cranial nerves. For each of them, it's important to know whether they have sensory or motor functions (or both) and if the sensory function is special (like sight or hearing) or general (touch, temperature, pain, etc.). It's also important to know if they're involved in visceral motor function (i.e. are part of the autonomic nervous system). So essentially the question is which cranial nerve provides sensory innervation the face. The majority of this function is performed by CN V - the trigeminal nerve, although there are smaller contributions from some of the others (VII, IX, X).

Trigeminal means "three twins" (the same root as the constellation Gemini, the twins Castor and Pollux). It's useful to know the three branches of this nerve (from superior to inferior): ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular. Once you have this information the answer becomes evident. There was damage to the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve.

I recommend coming up with a reliable way to remember the names and numbers of each of the 12 cranial nerves. People commonly use mnemonic acrostics like: On Old Olympus's Towering Tops A Friendly Viking Grew Vines And Hops (Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, etc.). Then you should make sure you know each nerve's function. In many cases the function is given by the name of the nerve which can make it easier - oculomotor means moving the eyes so you know this is a purely motor nerve.

Good luck!