Cardiology

LVADs (left ventricular assist devices) have been around for a good while and there have been many different versions! Which ones have been the most recent top three, which is the current made... more

Describe the compensatory mechanisms that are recruited in early heart failure to help maintain cardiac output. Explain how these compensations may be maladaptive.

A nurse is caring for an 85-year-old woman admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of mitral stenosis. The patient has been experiencing dizziness and lightheadedness and fell before admission.... more

How does left-sided heart failure impact preload, afterload, and contractility?

A nurse is caring for an 85-year-old woman admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of mitral stenosis. The patient has been experiencing dizziness and lightheadedness and fell before admission.... more

A 55-year-old man presents at the emergency department of his local hospital with complaints of excruciating, “ripping” pain in his upper back. He has a history of poorly controlled hypertension.... more

A 60-year-old woman presents to the emergency room complaining of syncope. She was in her car when she had the episode and had a minor accident. She indicates that she has had more than one syncope... more

How has evolution created our blood, lungs and the heart?We can't exist without blood, which transports the oxygen to all areas of our body. However, the blood needs a lung, which gives it the... more

What is an auricle and is there any similarity between auricle and ventricle or atria because in my anatomy book many times the author refer to auricle as ventricle?

The speed of blood may vary from one place to another and may be quite low in the tiniest vessels compared to the biggest one. What is the speed of blood while exiting a normal human heart?

I've heard from several sources that trans FAs are bad for you and their consumption will lead to cardiac problems, and that they are indigestible.But I also learned from biochemistry that they... more

Fetal hearts use glucose as their primary metabolic substrate. Adult hearts use free fatty acids, which are less efficient (require more $O_2$ to synthesize the same amount of ATP); however,... more

Is there a chemical or process that would dissolve or remove all other tissues in an organ and leave all the vasculature intact? I am planning to make a shelf display of the blood vessels in the... more

The right atrium is one of four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) in the hearts of mammals (including humans) and archosaurs (which include birds and crocodilians). It receives deoxygenated... more

This might be a silly question but i'm not not clear I'm always told that blood pressure is homeostatic parameter and can't not be changed but isn't what important is the flow rate to the organs?... more

All mammals that I can think of have a high degree of bilateral symmetry (In fact, almost every animal I can think of is like this).So why is the human heart not exactly in the middle of the body?... more