f ( x + h ) – f ( x ) ⁄ h
f ( x ) = x2 – 5
f ( x + h ) = ( x + h )2 – 5
f ( x + h ) = ( x2 + xh + xh + h2 ) – 5
f ( x + h ) = ( x2 + 2xh + h2 ) – 5
x2 + 2xh + h2 – 5 – ( x2 – 5 ) ⁄ h
x2 + 2xh + h2 – 5 – x2 + 5 ⁄ h
2xh + h2 ⁄ h
h ( 2x + h ) ⁄ h
2x + h