Aaron W. answered 07/06/20
Experienced, Friendly Writing Tutor (K-12 and College)
Writing an A-plus paper has been the topic of many contentious discussions in the field of academic writing, with all sorts of answers from literature professors, English teachers, and scholars of composition and rhetoric. Based on my knowledge of the topic, as well as my personal experience as a writer and tutor, I can give some very general answers to this question:
1.) Make a clear argument, claim, or proposal at the beginning of your paper. Of course, include a proper introduction of the topic of interest beforehand, but don't wait until you've made it to the third paragraph to flesh out your thesis or topic statement.
2.) Structure the paper around your argument or topic statement. Each body paragraph should begin by restating one element of your thesis. For example, if you are arguing for, say, the existence of life on other planets, and you have three good reasons for believing this to be the case, then the first body paragraph should probably begin with stating the first reason as its topic sentence. After this, support your reasoning with evidence. Show us why your reason is convincing. Repeat this for the rest of your body paragraphs.
3.) Reckon with counterarguments. Both in my own experience and in the experience of my clients, whenever you take objections to your argument into account, not only does it give you an opportunity to defend your position, but it makes you think about whether your argument is strong enough in the first place. If the objections to your argument are credible, then you might have to tweak your original stance on the topic of interest. This might seem like a hassle, but by doing so, you'll end up with an even stronger argument than before.
When it comes to academic writing, these are the main "rules" for writing a good paper that I can think of off the top of my head. Of course, papers vary in their requirements and guidelines, and some may not even require an "argument" in the traditional sense of the term. As I said, these are just some generalized rules to keep in mind for any academic paper. I hope this was helpful. Have a great day!
-Aaron W.