Hey Sam,
One method to solving a system of equations is to take one equation, isolate x or y on one side, then plug it into the other equation. Let's try that with question 1.
Equation 1: y= 3x+4
Equation 2: y-x=2
Since equation 1 already has y isolated on one side of the equation, we can plug in 3+4x for y in equation 2:
y-x = 2
3x+4-x = 2
Now solve for x:
2x+4 = 2
2x = -2
x= -1
Now that you know x=-1, you can plug it back into either equation. It's probably easiest to plug it back in to equation 2:
y-x = 2
y- (-1) = 2
y+1 = 2
y=1
So your solution is x = -1 and y= 1. Notice that if you were to plot these lines on a graph, this is the point where they would intersect.
Now let's do the same thing for question 2:
Equation 3: y-4x=3
Equation 4: 2y=8x+5
I would isolate y in equation 3
y=3+4x
Now plug (3+4x) for y into equation 4 and solve for x:
2(3+4x) = 8x+5
6+8x= 8x +5
If you try to solve this equation, the x values end up canceling each other out so there is no variable to solve for. This means that there is no solution. There is no value of x and y that can make both equations true. If you were to plot these lines on a graph, they would be parallel, with no point of intersection.
The answer is no solution
Hope this helps!