
Patrick A. answered 04/24/20
High School and College Mathematics Tutoring
x2 + 13x + 15 = 0
ax2 + bx + c = 0
a = 1, b = 13, c = 15
Recall that a quadratic expression such as x2 + 6x + 9 can be factored as (x+3)2
When quadratic expressions can be factored into a binomial squared such as (x+3)2 we call them perfect square quadratics.
When completing the square we first move the constant to the other side of the equation
x2+13x = -15
Now our goal is to make the left side a perfect square quadratic. The constant (commonly referred to as the c value) needs to be (half the b value)2 or in this case (13/2)2 = 169/4. Thus, we need to add 169/4 to both sides of the equation.
x2 + 13x + 169/4 = -15 + 169/4
x2 + 13x + 169/4 = 109/4
You can now factor the left side as you have learned how to do previously but that's too much work. It will always factor to [x + (the value you just squared to get c)]2 or in this case
x2 + 13x + 169/4 factors to (x + 13/2)2
Therefore we can use that in the equation to write
(x + 13/2)2 = 109/4
Now you have to square root both sides, remember something about a ±, and then perform some elementary algebra to get the two solutions to the equation.