How do you define "civilization," and what evidence of "civilized people" do historians see in Mesopotamia and Egypt?

Answer 1

Civilization is a tricky term. It is a term has been used to draw the "otherness" among different people. However, to answer your question, it is commonly thought that Civilization is the point that a society achieves in which there is division of labor. For example, in both Egypt and Mesopotamia, were civilization because such peoples exhibited traits such as the division of labor. In both societies both were people that specialized in different jobs, such as doctors, masons, rulers, or farmers. In conclusion, for a civilization to exist, there needs to be division of labor.