Hi Arie!
There are a few ways to solve this problem. One is above by Patrick.
Being a visual and tactile learner, I would graph points P and Q and then connect them. This will give you a diagonal line. We can make this diagonal line into the hypotenuse of a right triangle where the two legs are the change in X and the change in Y.
All points are written in the form (x, y)
To find the change in X you would calculate ( -3 - (-8))= 5
To find the change in Y you would calculate (7-1)= 6
Now that you have the length of the 2 legs, you just need the length of the hypotenuse. To do this we use the formula a2 +b2 = c2
so 52+ 62 = (PQ)2
25 + 36 = (PQ)2
61 =(PQ)2
Now to get PQ you take the square root of both sides.
sqrt (61) = sqrt (PQ2)= PQ
7.81 = PQ
Hope that helps!