You can answer the third question first by noting that
Chicken A lays 3eggs/2 day = 1.5 eggs/day and Chicken B lays 5eggs/3 days = 1.67 eggs/day
If E stands for eggs, D stands for days, & k is the proportionality constant:
For Chicken A: E = kD or k = E/D = 3/2 = 1.5 eggs/day
For Chicken B: E = kD or k = E/D = 5/3 = 1.67 eggs/day
As you can see from the first example, the k is actually the rate of (constant) change