
Megan T. answered 08/27/19
World History Teacher
To answer in two parts:
Geography helps determine the success of human adaptation to their environment in a very direct manner. Humans and animals need food and water to survive. They also need defense systems to keep them safe. These can be seen in geographic examples like starting a civilization around a river, or in an area of heavy rainfall so that the people there have water to drink and grow crops. Civilizations are also more successful if they are surrounded by water, like the ocean and mountains (or other dangerous terrain) to keep their people safe.
Culture determines the success of human adaptation in a more passive manner. People who live in certain regions will grow the food that grows the best there. This leads to people of that region developing dishes and types of food that are cultural unique to them. The same can be said for the type of clothing and musical instruments. When setting up a new civilization, people will use what is most successful and accessible to them.
Let me know if you have any other questions!