When something increases by 11% each year, every year's population is 111% of the year before.
Starting at year 0, the population is 13,000(1.11)0 = 13,000
The next year, the population is 13,000(1.11)1 = 14,430
Year 2 is 14,430(1.11), which is 13,000(1.11)(1.11), right? We have shorthand for that, 13,000(1.11)2.
Year 3 is 13,000(1.11)3
etc
Your answer is D.